Sexual selection - Hunkier than thou：Dec 11th 2010 P82 N2P107 も てる面相
When it comes to partners, men often find women's taste fickle and unfathomable. But ladies may not be entirely to blame. A growing body of research suggests that their preference for certain types of male physiognomy may be swayed by things beyond their conscious control - like prevalence of disease or crime - and in predictable ways.
Masculine features - a big jaw, say, or a prominent brow - tend to reflect physical and behavioural traits, such as strength and aggression. They are also closely linked to physiological ones, like virility and a sturdy immune system.
The obverse of these desirable characteristics look less appealing. Agression is fine when directed at external threats, less so when it spills over onto the hearth. Sexual prowess ensures plenty of progeny, but it often goes hand in hand with promiscuity and a tendency to shirk parental duties or leave the mother altogether.
So, whenever a woman has to choose a mate, she must decide whether to place a premium on the hunk's choicer genes or the wimp's love and care. Lisa DeBruine on the University of Aberdeen, believes that today's women still face this dilemma and that their choices are affected by unconcious factors.
In a paper published earlier this year Dr DeBruine found that women in countries with poor health statistics preferred men with masculine features more than those who lived in healthier societies. Where disease is rife, this seemed to imply, giving birth to healthy offspring trumps having a man stick around long enough to help care for it. In more salubrious climes, therefore, wimps are in with a chance.
Now, though, researchers led by Robert Brooks, of the University of New South Wales, have taken another look at Dr DeBruine's data and arrived at a different conclusion. Dr Brooks suggests that it is not health-related factors, rather competition and violence among men that best explain a woman's penchant for manliness. The more rough-and-tumble the enviroment, the researcher's argument goes, the more women prefer masculin men, because they are better than softer types at providing for mothers and their offspring.
Since violent competition for resources is more pronounced in unequal societies, Dr Brooks predicted that women would value masculinity more highly in countries with a higher Gini coefficient, which is a measure of income inequality. And indeed, he found that this was better than a country's health statistics at predicting the relative attrativeness of hunky faces.
